Chapter 1 Notes

CHAPTER 1 NOTES

1969 The four computers were connected

Early 1990’s Pcs with Graphical Operating systems were available and affordable

1991 the ban was lifted and Internet was available to businesses

In 1991 Tim Berners-Lee created/posted code to be available to scientists for communication.
(Hypertext Transfer Protocol, HTTP)
(Hypertext Markup Language, HTML)

1993, Mosaic, the first Graphical browser became available by Marc Andreessen & Students from U of Illinois
Some of these students eventually Netscape, which eventually birthed Firefox

HTTP, HTML, & Graphical Browser -> World Wide Web: The graphical user interface to information stored on computers running web servers connected to the internet


WWW Consortium (W3C) w3.org -> developing recs etc.

creativecommons.org


NETWORK:
Consists of two or more computers, communicating/sharing

- Server Computer(s)
- Client Workstation (User Computers)
- Shared Devices (printer etc.)
- Networking devices (Router and Switch and media that connect them)

client/server (from 19080s)- PCs joined to a network

WEB CLIENT:
- Connected to Internet when needed
- Runs Web Browser
- Uses HTTP
- Requests Pages from Web Server
- Receives Pages and Files from Web Server

WEB SERVER:
- Always connected to the internet
- Runs Wen Server software (Apache/Microsoft Internet Information Server)
- Receives Request for Webpage
- Responds to requests and transmits status code, web page, and files

MIME:
Multi-Purpose Internet Mail Extensions
- rules that allow multimedia docs to be exchanged among different comp systems

E-MAIL PROTOCOLS (2 servers):
1. Incoming mail server
2. Outgoing mail server

Incoming: POP3 (Post Office Protocol) & IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol)
Outgoing: SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol)


HTTP: Set of rules for exchanging files (graphics, text, sound, video files etc.)
- Transfers files between browser and server

Browsers build an HTTP recess and send it to server- server responds accordingly

FTP (File Transfer Protocol):
- Rules that allow file to be transferred between computers on the internet
- Transfer web files from a computer to a server
- Used to download programs and fils from servers to computers

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) & IP (Internet Protocol):
- Official Communication Protocol of the Internet
- TCP, to ensure integrity of Network Connection
- TCP breaks files and messages into Packets (ind units)
- TCP works with IP to transmit files efficiently over the internet
- IP takes over after TCP breaks fix into Packets
- IP, rules that control how data are sent between computers on the internet
- IP routes a Packet to correct destination address

DNS (Domain Name System):
- Created to to associate names with IP address numbers

Class 1 Notes

Document Type Definition

meta tags

stand-alone elements

Webpage Structural Basics

index.html (default page normally)

index.htm (windows, not normal)

two tags make an element:

<element opening> info </element closing>

Machine readable info goes in the heading

META DATA: data about the data within the content - tells the machine how to read data… Include specific meta data if you want Google to read info, for example

SEO

Title: defines title in the browser toolbar, bookmark etc.

Block/Inline 

<h1> to <h6> - Largest to Smallest (Always Bold), Block element (blank space above it and bellow it)

<p> paragraph

<br> Line Break Tag (Stand Alone)

<hr> Horizontal Rule Element (Line) (Stand Alone)

UX/Typography: 8 to 10 words on one line rule

SansSerrif for web

Serrif for print

Check code for Syntax errors:

W3C HTML5 Validation Tools:

validator.w3